While the presence of TDP-43 is common across the above-mentioned pathological conditions, their clinical and demographic characteristics differ widely, with ALS and FTLD occurring at younger ages (usually 50–70 years) and with pronounced frontotemporal atrophy patterns [59], whereas LATE-NC occurs at older ages (usually 80 years and older) with predominantly medial temporal atrophy patterns [10, 36, 80, 83, 84]. The gene discussed is TARDBP; the disease is amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.