The authors identify the upregulation of annexin 2 (ANXA2, a member of a super-family of calcium-dependent membrane binding proteins participating in a variety of fundamental biological processes, including cell survival and apoptosis) as a biomarker of NAFLD progression since its expression was increased in both the serum and the liver of patients and mice with NAFLD. The gene discussed is ANXA2; the disease is metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.