Optimal use of laboratory and biochemical tests to diagnose and evaluate patients with thyroid nodules or thyroid-different malignant lesions is limited and requires studying and an appreciation of the pathophysiology and the factors implicated in both thyroid hyperplasia and neoplasia (especially thyrotropin, TSH), activating mutations of the TSH receptor, and the oncogenic transformations [12,13]. This evidence concerns the gene TSHR and neoplasm.