According to Lau’s study (Lau et al., 2000), dimerization is required to retain IRF9 in the cytoplasm and IRF9 tend to pre-associate with STAT2 in the non-stimulated state (Hawiger et al., 2015); Considering the complicated information conveyed in gene expression datasets, IRF9 is constitutively expressed in most, instead of all human and murine tissues (Suprunenko and Hofer, 2016; Stone, 2017) There was defective interferon antiviral responses in both adult and pre-school children in asthma model, serving as valuable inspiration for sepsis (Bergauer et al., 2017). Here, IRF9 is linked to asthma.