This was substantially corrected following the transplantation of bone marrow from GLP-1R-positive mice into these GLP-1R knockout mice.257 Multiple studies have demonstrated anti-inflammatory actions, such as reduction of secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines or increase in the secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines, of GLP-1R agonists,258 which may have future therapeutic applications for both T1D and T2D, as well as inflammatory/autoimmune diseases. This evidence concerns the gene GLP1R and type 1 diabetes mellitus.