KLK3 and prostate intraepithelial neoplasia: While validated diagnostic methods are available, including prostate-specific antigen (PSA) diagnostics and continuously optimized biopsies, including modern imaging techniques [2,3], there is still a lack of early markers that can differentiate initial stages of the disease, such as high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HG-PIN) [4], and that can also be used for more targeted therapeutic predictions and interventions [5].