HAMP and Iron deficiency anemia: We did not observe this degree of suppression in our cohort, where the hepcidin/ferritin ratio was similar, with a median of 0.6 in the first and second trimesters, and slightly increased (instead of decreasing) to 0.8 in the third trimester, suggesting that hepcidin was not proportionally suppressed compared to ferritin despite the high prevalence of anemia and iron deficiency in the MINDI cohort.