Noteworthy, an anti-inflammatory effect of probiotics by leading to the reduced production of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as CRP, TNF-α and IL-6, may have therapeutic potential for ME/CFS with comorbid IBS [45], leading to reduced IBS-like symptoms in these patients, while improving the quality of life and psychological symptoms [120]. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and myalgic encephalomeyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.