Although the exact mechanism has not been elucidated, kallistatin has been shown to inhibit vascular inflammation and apoptosis by preventing TNF-α- and high-mobility group box protein 1-mediated expression of several inflammatory genes [25,27] and to attenuate the inflammatory response via the nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway in rheumatoid arthritis [28]. This evidence concerns the gene TNF and rheumatoid arthritis.