Mitochondrial fusion is modulated by mitofusin-1 (Mfn1), mitofusin-2 (Mfn2), and optic atrophy 1 (Opa1), whereas mitochondrial fission by dynamin related protein 1 (Drp1), mitochondrial fission 1 (Fis1) and mitochondrial fission factor (MFF); alterations in the expression of these markers have been found related to development of T2D and its complications (e.g., diabetic nephropathy, diabetic cardiomyopathy, diabetic retinopathy, diabetic peripheral neuropathy) [104]. Here, FIS1 is linked to diabetic retinopathy.