In previous studies, it was shown that S100A7 can protect the skin from microbial infection [21,59] and the involvement of S100A7 in the immune response has been demonstrated in several different models: in cultured keratinocytes, it stimulates IL-6 and IL-8 expression [60], while in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, it promotes M2 macrophage infiltration and angiogenesis [47]. Here, CXCL8 is linked to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.