In addition, as shown in Table 4 and Table 5, the levels of serum chemokines, including ICAM-1 and E-selectin, were both highly elevated in the PA group compared with those in the non-perforated appendicitis group, with a trend toward consistent elevations in serum ICAM-1 and E-selectin levels from day 1 to day 3 (all p < 0.05). Here, ICAM1 is linked to appendicitis.