In a BALB/c mouse model, H1N1 influenza vaccine adjuvanted with a synthetic TLR7 agonist (imiquimod) showed higher efficacy against an early challenge with H1N1 compared to H1N1 influenza vaccine without an agonist [116], indicating the enhanced efficacy of the TLR7 agonist-adjuvanted vaccine. Here, TLR7 is linked to swine influenza.