This review highlighted some of the major risk factors for diabetic atherosclerosis related to dyslipidemia, how they are caused in diabetic-specific conditions, such as insulin resistance or insulin deficiency, their mechanisms of causing atherosclerosis in relation to oxidative stress, and, most importantly, how and with what substances the risk factors can be approached and treated via the Nrf2 pathway. The gene discussed is NFE2L2; the disease is Insulin resistance.