To test for independent associations of KIM-1, we performed different uni- and multivariate analyses, accounting for relevant factors that are known to be associated with sepsis and disease severity and that showed significant differences in prior analysis, i.e., CKD, COPD, bilirubin > 2 mg/dL, and platelets < 150/nL (Table 5). Here, HAVCR1 is linked to chronic kidney disease.