We also performed a correlation analysis and showed a positive correlation (rs = 0.436; p = 0.026) between the level of Gfap expression in the penumbra zone and the average time mice spent searching for a platform in a test trial in MWM (Figure 6A), which may indicate a relationship between photothrombosis-induced astrocyte activation and cognitive impairment in post-stroke mice. Here, GFAP is linked to Cognitive impairment.