The GSE89377 and GSE114564 datasets as validation dataset were introduced to verify the expression levels of these 4 genes (UBE2T, KIF4A, CDCA3, and CDCA5) in NL, CAH-B, LC, and HCC, and we found that the expression of the 4 hub genes was significantly different in CAH-B and HCC, LC and HCC (Fig. 6A and B). Here, CDCA3 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.