Herein, we designed this retrospective study to observe the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant PD-(L)1 blockade plus platinum-based chemotherapy versus neoadjuvant chemotherapy with or without corresponding TKIs in patients with resectable oncogene-positive NSCLCs; in addition, we compared the efficacy of neoadjuvant PD-(L)1 blockade-based treatment between oncogene-positive and oncogene-negative NSCLC cohorts. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.