In addition, investigating the cooperative effect of SHPRH inactivation with other known risk factors or genetic drivers of lung cancer – such as EGFR or KRAS mutations – may provide further understanding of its role in LUAD biology, such that the inactivation of SHPRH may make cells more permissive to undergo malignant transformation in the presence of these cooperating partners. The gene discussed is KRAS; the disease is lung carcinoma.