In addition, mitoTEMPO reduced CD68 expression in DM atria (Figure 4C, 0.98 ± 0.25 CD68/vinculin in DM vs. 0.27 ± 0.02 CD68/vinculin in DM + mitoTEMPO, P = 0.048), suggesting reduced macrophage infiltration caused by inhibiting mitoROS. Here, VCL is linked to diabetes mellitus.