High‐dose SIN (300 mg/kg) significantly attenuated hepatic I/R injury in DM rats, reducing serum activities of ALT and AST, decreasing the AST/ALT ratio, enhancing tissue contents of SOD and GSH‐Px, suppressing the levels of TNF‐α and IL‐6, improving the liver histopathology, and activating Nrf‐2/HO‐1 signaling by promoting Nrf‐2 trans‐location from cytoplasm to nucleus. The gene discussed is SOD1; the disease is diabetes mellitus.