His biochemistry showed persistently elevated ARR with an aldosterone concentration ≥ 500 pmol/L (≥18 ng/dL) and suppressed direct renin concentrations ≤2 mU/L, with stage 3 chronic kidney disease and an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 50 mL/min/m2. Here, REN is linked to chronic kidney disease.