It remains to be seen if the formation of filaments of TMEM106B can influence the development and/or progression of disease. Lysosomal dysfunction is commonly observed during ageing and in neurodegenerative diseases [10] and it has been suggested that this may be a consequence of TMEM106B aggregation [24], although it is also possible that lysosomal dysfunction leads to TMEM106B aggregation. This evidence concerns the gene TMEM106B and neurodegenerative disease.