ESR1 and cancer: Stratified by estrogen receptor status, 19 significant pathways were observed in ER-positive tumor tissue and 21 in matched ER-positive normal tissue, all of which mirrored the unstratified analysis with upregulation of pathways involved in proliferation, cell stress, and cancer cell metabolism (Table S3); similar findings were observed in ER-negative tissues, with 9 pathways in tumor and 22 pathways in tumor-adjacent normal tissues detected with an FDR ≤ 0.1 (Table S4).