According to HIF1 signaling pathway, VEGF is most closely associated with the development of AD (Jiang et al. 2019; Wang et al. 2023).Previous studies have shown that VEGF is closely related to AD and can regulate the phenotypic transformation of smooth muscle cells to promote disease occurrence (Ren et al. 2020).As a transcription factor, HIF1 can enter the nucleus, regulate the transcription expression of VEGF and affect the phenotypic transformation of smooth muscle cells by binding to the DNA in the nucleus (Nazari-Khanamiri and Ghasemnejad-Berenji 2022). Here, HIF1A is linked to Alzheimer disease.