Similarly to previous studies, the top 10 genes that were DE in the region <300 μms from the implant site relative to naïve tissue included markers related to astrocyte reactivity (Lcn2 [59, 60], Chi3L1 [61, 62]), neurodegeneration(Hspb1, Lcn2) [59, 60, 63], intracerebral haemorrhage (Mt2a [64]), and neuroinflammation (C1, C3, Spp1 [65, 66])). Here, HSPB1 is linked to intracerebral hemorrhage.