TNF and colitis: As expected, compared with normal mice, the colitis mice exhibited progressive weight loss (Figure S2A), a greater disease activity index (DAI) (Figure 1B), a shorter colon length (Figures 1C and S2B), damaged crypt and colon tissue structures (Figures 1D and S2C), and evident inflammation (including increased tumor necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α), Interleukin‐1beta (IL‐1β), IL‐6, monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1), and IL‐17α and decreased IL‐4, IL‐10, and IL‐22) (Figure S3).