We observed that CD8 T-cell clusters overlapped with tumour cell clusters to a greater extent than other immune cell types did based on the calculated Dice score for overlap of the corresponding spatial cluster masks (two-tailed Wilcoxon tests, unadjusted: CD4 T cells p = 0.006, B cells p = 1e-4; Fig. 5f). This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and neoplasm.