TGFB1 and pulmonary fibrosis: Iloprost prevents pulmonary fibrosis, possibly by upregulating anti-fibrotic mediators (interferon γ and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10) and downregulating pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic cytokines (tumor necrosis factor α, IL-6, and TGF-β1) [56, 57].