In the present study, we investigated the role of ALKBH5 in regulating tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), the phenotypes of NSCLC cells, and any interactions between the two that promoted NSCLC progression and influenced the efficacy of anti PD-L1 immunotherapy, in addition to elucidating the underlying mechanisms. Here, ALKBH5 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.