AKT1 and central nervous system cancer: 2014). Abnormalities in multiple signalling pathways, including the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signalling pathway, the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathways, are involved in the anti-glioma effects of marine-derived natural products (Figure 1).