PCNA and glioblastoma: 2022). Fucoxanthin (41), extracted from seaweed, exhibits antitumour effects by inhibiting the survival of GBM cells through the induction of ferroptosis. Fucoxanthin administration can block the transferrin receptor (TFRC) degradation and down-regulate the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), restricting cell growth in vivo and in vitro (Zhu et al. 2023).