NOS3 and endothelial dysfunction: In addition, in vitro studies using isolated basilar arteries with short-term [34] or long-term [35] synthetic Aβ peptides treatment reported that the endothelial dysfunction was associated with enhanced endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation in the inhibitory residues threonine 495 and serine 116 [36, 37], and reduced ACh-induced phosphorylation on serine 1177.