GHSR and viral infectious disease: To confirm that D390 on Hsc70 is essential for RRV binding, we pretreated cholangiocytes with the synthetic peptides TRTRVSRLY (against “SRL” binding site on Hsc70), KVREF (against Hsp110 linker fragment), DGEA (against integrin α2β1), or GHRP (negative control) followed by viral infection with RRV or RRVVP4-R446G.