A prominent interferon (IFN) signature indicative of exposure to type I interferon (IFN-I) is found in tissues and circulating cells in lupus (Baechler et al., 2003; Bennett et al., 2003; Catalina et al., 2019; Der et al., 2019; Jabbari et al., 2014; Kirou et al., 2004; Martínez et al., 2022; Psarras et al., 2020; Psarras et al., 2022), and the recent FDA approval of anifrolumab (anti-IFNAR1) for SLE highlights the importance of IFN-I in disease pathogenesis. Here, IFNA1 is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.