One of the genes strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of dRTA is SLC4A1 [133, 136], encoding for the solute carrier family 4 member 1, part of the anion exchanger family and expressed in the erythrocyte plasma membrane, where it functions as a chloride/bicarbonate exchanger involved in carbon dioxide transport from tissues to lungs. The gene discussed is SLC1A4; the disease is distal renal tubular acidosis.