CSF3 and breast carcinoma: <h4>Objectives</h4>To examine the cost-effectiveness of using granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) for primary or secondary prophylaxis in patients with breast cancer from the perspective of Taiwan's National Health Insurance Administration.<h4>Methods</h4>A Markov model was constructed to simulate the events that may occur during and after a high-risk chemotherapy treatment.