TLR4 and infection: Pathologies like neuronal loss and gliosis occurred in these regions after infection of the mice with the coronavirus MHV-A59.115 Infecting macaques with SARS-CoV-2 also showed aggregates of ASN after infection, in combination with other neurological pathologies.116,117 Previous work indicates that a neuroinflammatory response followed the activation of toll-like receptors (TLRS), especially TLR4.