We found that increased CD34+CD133+ EPC frequency was significantly associated with decreased AD risk among those who had peripheral vascular diseases (HR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.40–0.94, P = 0.02) or cerebrovascular disease (HR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.35–0.96, P = 0.03, Table 2). This evidence concerns the gene CD34 and peripheral vascular disease.