HMOX1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: To explore the effects and mechanism of FXC combined with UCMSCs to improve macroangiopathy in T2DM, in this study, we observed the effects of FXC combined with UCMSCs on metabolic capacity, histopathological changes, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and Nrf-2/HO-1 signaling pathway in T2DM rats.