In this experiment, the blood glucose, TG, TC, and LDL-C levels were significantly increased in the T2DM group of rats, T2DM caused aortic injury, and the expressions of apoptosis and apoptosis-related proteins, cleaved caspase-3 and Bax, were significantly increased in the aortic tissues of rats. The gene discussed is BAX; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.