In contrast, a recent study identified a previously unexpected role of GzmB in triggering sublethal DNA damage response in cancer cells independent of Perforin, where GzmB performs proteolytic function without causing cell death by cleaving intracellular proteins, including ICAD, caspase-7, caspase-8, DDX21, topoisomerase-IIα, and NuMA, indicative of GzmB’s protease activity within cells (28). The gene discussed is GZMB; the disease is cancer.