ARRB1 and Hepatic steatosis: Additionally, β-arrestin1 (ARRB1) activated at the signaling network of all three cell types was reported to interact with pro-GDF15, promoting its cleavage and maturation in the Golgi apparatus, and the absence of ARRB1 significantly exacerbates hepatic steatosis, fibrosis, and inflammation (Zhang et al., 2020).