Mechanistically, the ncRNA CYTOR enhances the malignant phenotypes of HNSCC cells by promoting formation of phase-separated condensates of FOSL1, leading to the establishment of FOSL1-dependent SEs at a cohort of EMT regulator and pro-metastatic genes, such as CD44, SNAI2, and FOSL1 itself [13, 110]. Here, FOSL1 is linked to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.