When compared to circulating resistin levels in healthy control subjects (median [IQR] = 3.84 ng/mL [2.14]), levels were significantly higher in samples of the overall PAH cohort (n = 1121; 6.63 ng/mL [4.34]), in IPAH patients (6.2 ng/mL [3.67]), and in SSc-PAH patients (8.28 ng/mL [5.59]), all P < 0.0001 (Fig. 1A). This evidence concerns the gene RETN and pulmonary arterial hypertension.