PTPN11 and cancer: Intriguingly, in the SHP2-independent BRAFV600E cell lines (A375 and HT144), SHP099 and IACS-13909 generated significant inhibition of cell growth only at concentrations with substantial autophagy inhibition activity (Figure 2H), which is consistent with the observation that BRAFV600E-driven cancer cells are particularly sensitive to autophagy inhibition (67).