CHRNA5 and cancer: GSEA further demonstrated that CHRNA5 is related to many cancer-related KEGG pathways (Figures 7J-K) and biological processes (Supplementary Figure 9D), including the cell cycle (NES = 2.868), DNA replication (NES = 2.586), the JAK-STAT signaling pathway (NES = -2.198) and cell adhesion molecules (NES = -2.823), as well as several other vital terms.