Intervening upon the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway has also been the subject of therapeutic investigation in the clinical setting for transplant recipients with hepatocellular carcinoma; prospective evaluation of sirolimus demonstrated benefits in overall short-term post-transplant survival and recurrence-free survival compared to calcineurin inhibitor-based immunosuppression [38]. This evidence concerns the gene MTOR and hepatocellular carcinoma.