Based on the results obtained, it is conclude that pretreatment of black tea could increase the beneficial bacteria, at the same time decrease the harmful bacteria in the gut of DSS-induced colitis mice, and also elevate the levels of SCFAs contributing to the suppression of inflammatory factor release, which in turn alleviated the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway, resulting in the reduced expression of MMP-9 and ICAM-1. Here, MMP9 is linked to colitis.