RAN translation also occurs in DM1 and is possibly the main pathophysiological mechanism in SCA8, both mainly leading to the toxic expression of polyglutamine (polyQ) peptides, which are well known to adopt β-sheet structures prone to form insoluble fibrillar aggregates and neuronal intranuclear protein inclusions [27], [62]. This evidence concerns the gene RAN and myotonic dystrophy type 1.