JAK-STAT inhibitors• Itacitinib has been shown to reduce levels of CRS-related cytokines in pre-clinical studies (73), and has been shown to reduce grade ≥ 2 CRS when used as prophylaxis prior to axi-cel (79)• Ruxolitinib has demonstrated efficacy in several case reports (74–77). This evidence concerns the gene SOAT1 and congenital rubella syndrome.