The results showed that HYKK (AGPHD1) was associated with an increased risk of lung squamous cell carcinoma in the primary analysis set (OR: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.24–1.33), which is consistent with the results in the replication queue (OR: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.24–1.44; Fig. 2C and E). Here, HYKK is linked to squamous cell lung carcinoma.